Refuse a low first deal for a whole book repertoire: it becomes the price every later buyer cites
Spain's government offered CEDRO, the collecting society of Spanish book authors and publishers, a one-off payment of EUR 2 million (about $2.2 million at USD 1.1225 per EUR) to use its members' works for the state language model ALIA. CEDRO refused because accepting would have set a precedent for the large technology companies that also use its authors' works; ALIA was then trained on Common Crawl under the EU text and data mining exception, CEDRO had its members' works removed from Common Crawl, and by October 2025 the ministry was studying the Norwegian and Dutch models for a new offer. No work count was stated, so no per-title price follows.
Dated 21 Oct 2025Source checked 20 Oct 2026Quote found on its page again 29 Oct 2026Basis: indicative
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“Hace año y medio, con el anterior ministro [José Luis Escrivá], se nos llegó a plantear un pago único de dos millones de euros”
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